![]() In semiotics, the theory of language proposed by Louis T. Since the 1970s, analyzing connections between texts and contexts, textual pragmatics, has been an important source of inspiration for textual semiotics. Here the text is presented as a unit captured in a communication process, “a communicative unit.” Considered from a pragmatic point of view, every single unit composing a text constitutes an instruction for meaning. Textual pragmatics deals with a more complex problem: that of the text conceived as an empirical object. But according to Robert-Alain De Beaugrande and Wolfgang Ulrich Dressler, cohesion and coherence are only two of the seven principles of textuality (the other five being intentionality, acceptability, informativity, situationality, and intertextuality). In fact, to be interpreted as a whole, the elements composing the text need to be coherent to each other. ![]() Halliday and Ruqaiya Hasan define textuality through the concepts of “cohesion” and “coherence.” Cohesion is a necessary condition of textuality, because it enables text to be perceived as a whole, but it’s not sufficient to explain it. In linguistics, the definition of textuality depends on the definition of text. ![]() In textual linguistics, textuality presents as a global quality of text issued from the interlacing of the sentences composing it. In textual linguistics, “text” is considered at the same time as an abstract object, issued from a specific theoretical approach, and a concrete object, a linguistic phenomenon starting the process of analysis. The concept of “text” also presupposes two other concepts: from a generative point of view, it involves a proceeding by which something becomes a text ( textualization) from an interpretative point of view, it involves a proceeding by which something can be interpreted as a text ( textuality). This duplicity characterizes the development of the concept in the 20th century.Īccording to different theories of language, there are also different understandings of “text”: a restricted use as written text, an extensive use as written and spoken text, and an expanded use as any written, verbal, gestural, or visual manifestation. Indeed, text presents itself both as an empirical object subject to analysis and an abstract object constructed by the analysis itself. The concept of “text” is ambiguous: it can identify at the same time a concrete reality and an abstract one.
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